Away from Taxonomies to Ontologies: Designed and you can Semantic Relationships

From the example a lot more than, another gang of relationship try tailored, as they are appointed by ontologist into the sorts of circumstances

At that year’s Taxonomy Bootcamp conference, I became anticipate to present towards panel offering 5-moment “Pecha Kucha” super conversations, which the 2009 motif are ontology. Exactly as you can find various other understandings and you may uses from “taxonomy,” so might there be other understandings and uses off “ontology.” You can started to in the event the out of more angles. For folks who visited ontologies from the exposure to taxonomies and the realm of advice administration, then, most obsÅ‚uga imeetzu merely, an ontology is an even more state-of-the-art kind of taxonomy that has had richer guidance.

In my

own short-term presentation, “Regarding Accidental Taxonomist to Accidental Ontologist,” I summed up the differences anywhere between taxonomies and you may ontologies below:

1. Relationships: Taxonomies has actually hierarchical and regularly a straightforward “associated identity” associative, but ontologies have semantic matchmaking, which can be customized-created.
2. Label Functions: Taxonomies fundamentally don’t possess term services, however, ontologies would.
3. Name Kinds: Taxonomies basically do not have kinds getting words, if you do not imagine issues given that kinds, however, ontologies perform.
4. Guidelines/Standards: Taxonomies is always to proceed with the ANSI/NISO Z (2005) or ISO 25964, while ontologies are needed to check out the online Ontology Words (OWL) direction and employ the latest Capital Malfunction Build (RDF).
5. Purposes: Taxonomies support indexing/marking, categorization, and/otherwise group out-of posts, and in turn pointers findability and recovery. An important reason for a keen ontology is always to describe a website of real information, and you may support away from indexing/marking, categorization, classification, findability, and you will recovery might be second.
6. Tools: Some application helps the creation of only taxonomies, particular application is to possess ontologies, and many application can do both quite nicely. Concurrently, some taxonomy/thesaurus application can assistance extremely, if not completely, options that come with ontologies.

As much as possible customize the relationships, performs this changes a taxonomy towards the a good ontology? No. Tailored dating are just you to definitely function regarding a keen ontology, whether or not possibly the primary element. In my own on line way on taxonomies, no matter if I really don’t illustrate how to come up with ontologies, I do bring a training on the customized/semantic relationship. It has been desirable to do a very cutting-edge taxonomy without fundamentally conference all the requirements off a keen ontology.

The latest simple RT matchmaking, although not, try singularly bidirectional

In addition, a personalized matchmaking might not be totally semantic. The newest matchmaking are “semantic” as they include particular definition. (Semantic form “have definition.”) Possible tailor relationship whenever you are still not leading them to totally semantic. Your elizabeth the high quality matchmaking for your version of app and audience. Such as for instance, you can rename wider name (BT)/narrower identity (NT) once the “ parent/man ,” otherwise rename Related Term given that “ discover along with .” When your taxonomy/thesaurus software program is more sophisticated, it can enables you to identify a variety of tailored relationship, which means that you could add even more subtleties out-of definition.

A key component of really semantic dating sure-enough from inside the ontologies ‘s the capability to perform directional relationships which might be line of in the for each recommendations, that have reciprocity. All of these semantic relationship could well be alternatives of “ related label ” (RT), unlike versions of one’s hierarchical relationship. For many who just tailored they of the renaming it, it would must be a comparable in both directions, including have “ features partner .” In order to make a great semantic dating few, particularly Boy ( makes ) and you can IND ( created by a ), you would like a tool one to supports ontological dating and not “customized” relationship.

In the event your tool helps tailored dating however the capacity to would collection of sets out of directional relationships that are associative as opposed to hierarchical, the results containers be quite beneficial. You have an excellent “near ontology” otherwise a strictly outlined ontology. Such as, you can rename brand new only 1 “ related identity ” (RT) while the “ Manufacturer-Produc t” with an acronym for example Child-Specialist (Borrowing from the bank in order to Alice Redmond-Neal of Accessibility Inple). Ergo, the connection is the identical in both assistance: